Modern science is not just a passive, contemplative description of the world; it produces knowledge by acting on the world. Experimental science does not simply observe the world in its 'natural' state; it manipulates the world in order to know it. 'Scientists produce phenomena: many of the things they study are not "natural" events but are very much the result of artifice.' (...) For example, practitioners produce scientific knowledge about the cardiovascular training effect has been produced by manipulating humans and animals. They measure cardiovascular systems of untrained subjects (usually either rats or people); they compel subjects to exercise at specific intensities over specific amounts of time and then measure them again. They take the difference in values as indicators of a training effect. Knowledge of the training effect can emerge only with substantial interference in the lives of the rats and the people being studied. And this knowledge depends on a host of technologies: both exercise technological equipment (for ex. treadmills, cycling or rowing ergometers) and measuring technology (such as the Beckman metabolic cart). Thus scientific knowledge is not antecedent to technological interventions but is actually the product of those interventions. It is the product of the power of technology to generate phenomena.

— Body fascism by Brian Pronger (Page 48)